11/7/2022 0 Comments Lips sound reference![]() ![]() ![]() , Google Scholar ScitationĮffects of higher order propagation modes in vocal tract like geometries,” J. , Google Scholar ScitationĮffects of head geometry simplifications on acoustic radiation of vowel sounds based on time-domain finite-element simulations,” J. , Google Scholar Crossrefįinite element computation of elliptical vocal tract impedances using the two-microphone transfer function method,” J. Large scale data acquisition of simultaneous MRI and speech,” Appl. The results show that the lips should be included in order to correctly model vocal tract acoustics not only at high frequencies, as commonly accepted, but also in the low frequency range below 4 kHz, where plane wave propagation occurs. The acoustic behavior of each is analyzed and compared by means of time-domain finite element simulations that allow free-field wave propagation and experiments performed using 3-D-printed mechanical replicas. To this aim, two configurations for the vocal tract exit are considered: with lips and without lips. In this work, the lips' effects on vowel sounds are investigated by using 3-D vocal tract geometries generated from magnetic resonance imaging. However, lips may play a significant role. When doing so, the lips are usually removed from the vocal tract geometry in order to impose a radiation impedance on a closed cross-section, which speeds up the numerical simulations compared to free-field radiation solutions. Radiation losses produced when sound waves emanate from the mouth aperture are one of the key aspects to be modeled. ![]() Three-dimensional (3-D) numerical approaches for voice production are currently being investigated and developed. Department of Speech, Music and Hearing, School of Computer Science and Communication, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.GIPSA-Lab, Unité Mixte de Recherche au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5216, Grenoble Campus, St.GTM–Grup de recerca en Tecnologies Mèdia, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/Quatre Camins 30, Barcelona, E-08022, Catalonia, Spain. ![]()
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